Free Essays on Kranzbergs Laws

Mel Kranzberg, a leading historian of technology, postulated several â€Å"Laws† in regards to his field of expertise. These â€Å"Laws† regarding the history of technology are both well known and well respected. The objective of this paper is to explain the meaning behind two of these â€Å"Laws†, and to site examples of why they may be considered truths. The first â€Å"Law† to be discussed states that, â€Å"Invention is the mother of necessity.† This may sound very familiar to many people, but don’t be fooled. There is a common saying that states, â€Å"Necessity is the mother of invention†, but these are not the same. Many people know the latter saying and its meaning. It quite simply states that if an individual or society needs something, they will come up with a solution to perform the desired task. In most cases this involves inventing a new device or technique. However, saying the reverse, â€Å"Invention is the mother of necessity†, is not as simple to understand, and requires a deeper of a thought process to comprehend its meaning. In 1879, Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. This was a practical invention, however it was not a necessity in 1879 to have light bulbs. Society would have maintained its functionality at the same rate if the light bulb were not invented. It is true this invention made a large impact, and it made everyday life simpler, and pushed society forward. The goal is not to take these attributes are not being taken away from the light bulb. The point being made is that the light bulb was not invented due to the fact that it was necessary to have electrical lighting, however if one were to take away the idea of a light bulb in today’s society imagine the consequences. For over one hundred years people have used light bulbs to make their lives easier. If this great invention of Mr. Edison were taken away it would have a huge impact on society. Everything would be affected. It would... Free Essays on Kranzberg's Laws Free Essays on Kranzberg's Laws Mel Kranzberg, a leading historian of technology, postulated several â€Å"Laws† in regards to his field of expertise. These â€Å"Laws† regarding the history of technology are both well known and well respected. The objective of this paper is to explain the meaning behind two of these â€Å"Laws†, and to site examples of why they may be considered truths. The first â€Å"Law† to be discussed states that, â€Å"Invention is the mother of necessity.† This may sound very familiar to many people, but don’t be fooled. There is a common saying that states, â€Å"Necessity is the mother of invention†, but these are not the same. Many people know the latter saying and its meaning. It quite simply states that if an individual or society needs something, they will come up with a solution to perform the desired task. In most cases this involves inventing a new device or technique. However, saying the reverse, â€Å"Invention is the mother of necessity†, is not as simple to understand, and requires a deeper of a thought process to comprehend its meaning. In 1879, Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. This was a practical invention, however it was not a necessity in 1879 to have light bulbs. Society would have maintained its functionality at the same rate if the light bulb were not invented. It is true this invention made a large impact, and it made everyday life simpler, and pushed society forward. The goal is not to take these attributes are not being taken away from the light bulb. The point being made is that the light bulb was not invented due to the fact that it was necessary to have electrical lighting, however if one were to take away the idea of a light bulb in today’s society imagine the consequences. For over one hundred years people have used light bulbs to make their lives easier. If this great invention of Mr. Edison were taken away it would have a huge impact on society. Everything would be affected. It would...

Cundo es posible trabajar con visa F-1 de estudiante

Cundo es posible trabajar con visa F-1 de estudiante Estudiar en los Estados Unidos es caro, por eso para los estudiantes internacionales con una visa F-1 es importante saber quà © opciones tienen para trabajar legalmente y asà ­ sufragar parte de sus gastos. En este artà ­culo, adems de explicar los requisitos para las 4 opciones de trabajo se hace referencia a otras opciones para obtener ayuda econà ³mica. Y al final se mencionan opciones migratorias que permiten quedarse al finalizar los estudios y tambià ©n quà © error no se debe hacer ya que puede salir muy caro. Trabajar con una visa F-1 de estudiante dentro del campus La primera opcià ³n para trabajar se presenta en el mismo lugar donde se est estudiando. Y es que los  estudiantes con una F-1 que està ©n estudiando a tiempo completo pueden trabajar siguiendo estas reglas: Tiempo:  trabajar un mximo de 20 horas semanales, excepto en vacaciones que pueden trabajar a tiempo completo Lugar: en campus significa eso pero tambià ©n admite que sea fuera, siempre y cuando el empleador sea una institucià ³n que tiene una relacià ³n de afiliacià ³n con la universidad o college, seminario, conservatorio, en el que el estudiante cursa sus estudios. Por ejemplo, otra universidad o un laboratorio. Tipo: el trabajo que se desempeà ±a tiene que estar relacionado de algà ºn modo con servicio a estudiantes. Por ejemplo, trabajo en bibliotecas, librerà ­as, etc. Permiso: tiene que contarse con la autorizacià ³n previa del Oficial Designado en la Escuela (DSO, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Cundo: comenzarse a trabajar hasta 30 dà ­as antes de comenzar el programa acadà ©mico. Pero una vez que à ©ste finaliza, asà ­ debe ocurrir con el empleo. La excepcià ³n son los casos en los que se cambia de programa.   Trabajar fuera del campus con una visa F-1 por necesidad econà ³mica En este caso es necesario cumplir con un mayor nà ºmero de requerimientos, como: Tener un estatus vlido de estudianteEstar cursando a tiempo completoLlevar al menos un aà ±o acadà ©mico completo con la visa F-1 Necesidad econà ³mica urgente en casos como pà ©rdida sin culpa de puesto de empleo en el campus, cambios en la cotizacià ³n de la divisa del paà ­s del estudiante, facturas mà ©dicas, pà ©rdida de la ayuda financiera u otros gastos inesperados. Si se da alguno de esos casos y no es posible encontrar empleo dentro del campus, el estudiante debe dirigirse al Oficial Designado en la Escuela (DSO, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) para que este comunique la situacià ³n a las autoridades migratorias mediante el sistema SEVIS. Asimismo, el DSO proporcionar una certificacià ³n que debe enviarse al Servicio de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a (USCIS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) junto con la planilla I-765 y el pago de la cuota correspondiente para obtener asà ­ un permiso de trabajo. Es conveniente incluir todo tipo de documentacià ³n que sirva de apoyo a la razà ³n que se alega para solicitar ese permiso, (en inglà ©s. Este es un modelo de carta para certifica la traduccià ³n). Entrenamiento prctico curricular (CPT, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) Se trata de prcticas pagadas que tienen que estar relacionadas con el grado que cursa el estudiante. Tienen que estar aprobadas por el DSO.   Pueden ser a tiempo parcial (menos de 20 horas a la semana), o, en à ©poca de vacaciones a tiempo completo (ms de 20 horas semanales). Hay que tener en cuenta que si a lo largo de sus estudios el estudiante completa ms de un aà ±o CPT a tiempo completo, al licenciarse (egresado) no podr disfrutar de un OPT. Entrenamiento prctico opcional (OPT, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) Se puede realizar durante los estudios de licenciatura, maestrà ­a o doctorado o al  finalizar los mismos.  Estas  son las reglas  para la OPT. El permiso de trabajo en este caso tiene una duracià ³n mxima de 1 aà ±os, si bien en ciertos campos relacionados con las Ciencias y la Tecnologà ­a se puede prorrogar hasta los 17 meses. A tener en cuenta cuando se trabaja Si se trabaja, el DSO proporcionar la documentacià ³n necesaria para solicitar una tarjeta del Nà ºmero del Seguro Social. Al trabajar, hay que reportar los ingresos y, en su caso, pagar impuestos. Si se trabaja sin permiso, eso es una violacià ³n migratoria, que puede tener consecuencias muy serias. Caminos para quedarse en USA trabajando al finalizar los estudios universitarios La mayorà ­a de los estudiantes internacionales regresan a sus paà ­ses de origen. Pero un buen nà ºmero se quedan, al menos temporalmente, al lograr obtener una visa de trabajo, generalmente una H-1B para profesionales, siendo muy solicitadas por los profesionales en el sector tecnolà ³gico. Si bien no son las à ºnicas visas de trabajo disponibles. Adems, en el caso de mexicanos, hay que destacar las visas TN para profesionales, que abren puertas sin tener los inconvenientes de cupo mximo de las H-1B que en la mayorà ­a de los casos dejan sin anualmente a miles de candidatos con patrocinador. Asimismo, tambià ©n es posible conseguir una tarjeta de residencia (green card) ya que las empresas pueden patrocinar por razà ³n de trabajo. Estas son las empresas que ms trabajadores esponsorizan. Finalmente, tambià ©n es posible quedarse en Estados Unidos en casos de ajuste de estatus por matrimonio o similares. Cà ³mo conseguir dinero para pagar por los estudios en Estados Unidos El camino ms transitado por los estudiantes es el de buscar y obtener becas. Estas pueden ser de instituciones o empresas del paà ­s de cada uno o tambià ©n de Estados Unidos, ya que hay muchas de ellas que no excluyen a los estudiantes internacionales, por ejemplo, à ©stas  de universidades de à ©lite. Casi todas las universidades tienen sus propios paquetes y sus reglas de cunto y a quià ©n pueden becar. Y tambià ©n existen instituciones que brindan becas por temas, dependiendo de quà © se estudia o quà © proyecto o trabajo se presenta. Tambià ©n existe la posibilidad de pedir crà ©ditos para estudiante y, finalmente, tambià ©n se puede considerar la posibilidad de realizar parte de los estudios universitarios en community colleges, que resultan ms asequibles, entre otra ventajas que brindan. Quà © errores deben evitar los estudiantes internacionales En primer lugar, no olvidar que trabajar sin permiso es una violacià ³n migratoria. Si hay una denuncia que puede ser anà ³nima o por cualquier otra razà ³n Inmigracià ³n se entera las consecuencias van a ser graves. Y en segundo lugar, recordar que los estudiantes internacionales necesitan una visa para estudiar a tiempo completo. Es cierto que las instituciones educativas admiten a indocumentados. Pero de lo que se trata es de precisamente no acabar en esa categorà ­a migratoria por no utilizar la visa correcta. Esto es relativamente frecuente en los casos de estudiantes internacionales que cursan la high school en Estados Unidos y por errores de este tipo acaban sin visa ellos y sus padres. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Evidence based task1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Evidence based task1 - Essay Example This in turn tends to affect the overall efficiency of the hospital. Empirical evidence collected by the authors further indicates meager relevance provided towards the improvement of compliance degree when considering hand hygiene in hospitals. The method of data processing used in the article was based on an observational survey conducted by involving 7 hospitals from 1994 to 1997. The data was accordingly segregated on the basis of attack rates of Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA), nosocomial infection rates and consumption of handrub disinfectant. The data was further evaluated through Chi-Square analysis and two-tailed p-values besides taking into account the secondary findings available. As mentioned, data analysis in this article was conducted on the basis of Chi-Square and Two-Tailed statistical tools. Measured through the three indicators, i.e. (1) attack rates of Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA), (2) nosocomial infection rates and (3) consumption of handrub disinfectant, proportions of the data gathered was treated through logistic regression that rewarded a better insight of the trends in the hospitals concerning the compliance and the non-compliance rates. In alignment with the determined objective, the researchers concluded that their implemented campaign indicated a sustainable improvement in the rate of compliance. The researchers also concluded that along with an improvement in the compliance rate for hand hygiene, nosocomial infections propensity and the propensity of MRSA transmission also increased sustainably. 3. The statistical data provided by the researchers indicated that the compliance rate was increasing following their implementation of the campaign denoting a compliance rate of 47.6% in 1994 and 66.2% in 1997. On the individual quantitative terms, this variation was

Marketing Principles Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Marketing Principles - Coursework Example The idea holds that achieving the goals of the company lie squarely in finding the needs of the market targeted. The company should come up with ideas that will persuade the customer’s needs by offering better products. Marketing concept relies on research carried out in the target market. Elements of the marketing process are sets of convenient tools. Such tools help the company’s blends to produce the impact it needs in the target market. There is a perception that if a company lowers the prices of the various commodities, the sales involuntarily increases. Such situations may be different. This is because customers may be looking for other components such as quality, cost effectiveness and value added services. An airline company which reduces its price by cost cutting in areas such as; airport charges, direct sales to the customers and lowering the advertisement costs may get profit in the long run (Pride & Ferrell, 2003). Placement involves all activities of a particular company that makes the products available to the target customers. A good example is the emirates airline that has continuously advertised its services to attract more customers. Promotion entails the means through which the companies communicate to its customers about their product’s values and benefits. Most companies in London have websites. Such websites act as a communication channel between the customers and the company. Market and product orientation are the two approaches of market orientation. Product-oriented approach involves a company developing products without having to focus on the customers’ needs. This kind of approach may often lead to unsuccessful ventures. A gas company in London may decide to introduce some new services without necessarily focusing on customers’ needs (Pride & Ferrell, 2003). Market-oriented approach; the company develops a product with a focus on the customers’ needs. The products developed lie squarely on the information obtained

Building Relationships with Community Resources

Building Relationships with Community Resources It is really important that we build positive relationships with our students and their families. It is normal for families to struggle with different issues. The childrens school itself may not be able to help. But if they are familiar with the different agencies in the communities and the services they offer. It can be very beneficial to all the parties involved. They are able to work together as a team and help each other. This paper will first discuss the community resources that are available in my area, second how I will make the information available to my families, and finally how it fits with my Vision, Mission, and Philosophy statement. There are lots of resources available in my community. There is the Guildford Department of Public Health which a few services like child care nursing who are registered nurses who are Child Care Health Consultants (CCHC) with skills in public health, pediatric nursing and child care licensing requirements. The CCHC strive to promote the healthy development of children and the reduction of illnesses in the child care setting. (Guilford County Government, 2012) There is child care/preschool dental services are provided by a dental hygienist in child care centers and child care homes. They have Care Coordination for Children thats a program which provides formal case management to eligible children, birth to five years of age, at risk for or who have diagnosed special needs. The staff includes registered nurses or social workers who provide access to needed preventive and specialized support services for children and their families through collaboration. (Guilford County Government, 20 12) The last one is Community Transition Coordinator (CTC) is a registered nurse who screens all children born at Womens Hospital of Greensboro and all pediatric admissions to Moses Cone Health Systems to identify children birth to age five who are at risk for developmental delays or have diagnosed delays or chronic illnesses. (Guilford County Government, 2012) The North Carolina Early Intervention Branch (NCEI) is a part of the N.C. Division of Public Health. It is the lead agency for the N.C. Infant-Toddler Program (ITP). The Infant-Toddler Program provides supports and services for families and their children, birth to three who have special needs. (NC Dept. of Health and Humans Services, 2012) They offer service coordination, physical, occupational and speech-language therapies, family support, special instructions, assistive technology, and other services. To help assistance parents that have children with identified disabilities is a program called Guilford County Partnership for Exceptional Children. They put together a directory of different local organizations that serve multiple disabilities in our community. They include programs for children with autism, visual and hearing impairments, orthopedically impaired, speech/language impairments, and other health impairments. We have the Mental Health Association to help provide information and help concerning mental health issues. This Association creates programs that encourage better mental health, and provide support to those who suffer from mental illness and strives to reduce the stigma associated with mental illness, through education and service. It is a place that helps families with domestic violence. It is called Family Service of the Piedmont this program offers domestic violence shelters. These shelters provide safety, therapy, and court advocacy for battered women and their children. They have Children Advocacy Centers who coordinates the investigation and treatment of child sexual abuse. They offer individual and family counseling for victims of depression, anxiety, relationship problems, substance addiction or other mental health issues. They also have Family Preservation thats an intervention for families at risk of having their children removed from the home. (Family Service of the Piedm ont, 2010) This program also works with those with substance abuse. They offer diagnostic, assessment and referral services are designed to provide comprehensive assessment and referral to individuals with alcohol, drug or other substance abuse problems which include appropriate evaluation of the needs of co-dependent individuals, family members, and significant others. Co-dependency counseling provides comprehensive appropriate evaluation of the needs of co-dependent individuals, family members, and significant others. (Family Service of the Piedmont, 2010) Since there are a lot of resources in my area there are a few different ways I can get the information to the families at the center. I can have like a community day at the center, invite some of the workers of these agencies to come speak during a parent night, or ask them for flyers/packets of information to send home to the parents. The preschool working with agencies like these in the community we are able to carry out our mission to serve and act on the needs, rights and well-being of all young children with primary focus on the provision of educational and developmental services and resources. (About NAEYC, 2009) Sometimes children are exposed to conditions that undermine their well-being. But by recognizing and building on existing strengths within communities and families, we can support all families in providing a healthy, safe, and loving environment for their children. (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2011) This paper just touched on a few agencies in my area that can be used as community resources, how the information can be presented to the families, and discuss how they will work with us to accomplish the goals for the children at my center.

Who’s in Charge-Jim Davis

Who’s in Charge? The Jim Davis Case Patty Mathew was required to attend the sales training provided by Jim. This training would really help them in increasing sales of bank services as she didn’t have any sales experience or sales knowledge. Selling services is an important part of business. Before that training Patty was more interested in expense account, which she can use for clients rather than on training. She didn’t attend the training and informed that she is sick. The main concern is that is Patty sick or she just gave the reason just to miss the training.It seems that she wanted to miss the training as Allen also told that he faces problem in corporation with the branch managers. Jim needs to inquire about Patty’s health before taking any action against her. If she’s sick he could provide her training individually. In case she’s not sick Jim can take any of the following steps 1) Complaint to Mr. Johnson or with Allen can take action against her but in this case the other managers could also resist helping Jim. 2) To solve the issue peacefully he can discuss the issue’s Patty has regarding the training.Jim can offer Patty expense, which she wanted. Jim could regulate this expense account based on Patty’s performance. Second option is more appropriate as this will solve the issue peacefully and quickly. In case Patty still shows resistance Jim can complaint against Patty. Recommendations Jim has not been so successful in imposing his authorities on other employees. We have already observed that the request of two clerks from Jim for help was impolitely refused by their supervisor.Authority: It is good to be polite but at times he needs to use his powers to show this position. He can use his network with Allen and Mr. Johnson whenever required. Reward: He needs to present the managers how important the sales skills are for them and use rewards system to improve their performance. Social relation: Ji m could also work on his relations with the branch managers like drinks after training and other informal meetings. To gain their trust so that the managers corporate with Jim in application of the sales of services.

Philosophy of Education Essays - 1325 Words

Philosophy of Education Everyone has their own personal views on philosophy and they also have their own educational goals, myself included. Over the course of this paper I will discuss my views on philosophy and my educational goals. Furthermore I will address the nature of students; the nature of knowledge; the purpose of public education; my methods of teaching; and finally the curricular areas that I feel are the most important. First I shall discuss the nature of students. Much like Rousseau, I believe humans are born naturally innocent and are largely shaped by the environment, they are also partially shaped by nature. Every single person has the ability to learn. Nature and nurture determine how†¦show more content†¦Not only do the subjects affect the students’ lives; the actual teachers themselves can have a great impact on students’ lives also. I firmly believe that elementary school teachers are one of the most influential experiences for children. One bad/good experience with a teacher can affect the whole life of a student. Now that I have addressed the nature of students, I shall now discuss the nature of knowledge. First of all I believe knowledge is relative, it changes everyday with new discoveries being realized all the time. Knowledge is also different for everyone, and it depends on the person, place, and time. As I stated before with the mentally/physically handicapped and child prodigies, no two people are exactly alike. They learn on all kinds of levels and variables, including speed, how much, etc. Now that I have addressed the nature of knowledge, I shall now discuss the purpose of education. I believe the overall purpose of education is to discover the truth and pass it on. Also, by passing on knowledge we can keep life at it’s present state and allow it to move on. For example, if a caveman who learned to make fire died without passing on his knowledge, the knowledge would die with him. Therefore the ones who did not know how to make fire would freeze to death the next winter. If we did not pass on knowledge, useful information would die along with person who held it. Could you imagine inventing everythingShow MoreRelatedMy Teaching Philosophy Of Education880 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to the Education Philosophy test that we took in class, my education philosophy matched with social reconstruction. Social Reconstructionist believes that systems must keep changing to improve human conditions. Also, emphasizes social questions and to create a bett er society. Social reconstructionist believe that you have to start over to make things better. While going through the PowerPoint that explained what social reconstitution is, in a deeper way, I came to the conclusion that socialRead MorePhilosophy : Philosophy Of Education1328 Words   |  6 Pages Philosophy of Education Jihyae Choe Liberty University TESL 419 â€Æ' Philosophy of Education A good educator decides the direction of teaching based on a resolute educational philosophy. A firm and resolute philosophy does not equate with a fixed perspective, instead it is a strong foundation that can stabilize the life long educational career. In order to establish a firm philosophical basis, passion toward education should accompany proper understanding. Successful educators who establishedRead MorePhilosophy And Philosophy Of Education828 Words   |  4 PagesPhilosophy of Education Teachers, especially those in the early years of school, have the extraordinary task of instilling a life-long love of learning in their students. 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